In organisms with complex plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis from a photosynthetic eukaryote, the majority of plastid proteins are nuclear-encoded, translated on cytoplasmic ribosomes, and guided glass-anal across four membranes by a bipartite targeting sequence.In-depth understanding of this vital import process has been impeded by a lac

The power broadening VERVAIN of a coupling laser can be converted into two-photon detuning by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), resulting in a residual Doppler effect.The residual Doppler effect in a ladder-type EIT in a room-temperature atom ensemble is further amplified through a wavelength mismatch effect between the probe and coup

Lockdown curbs the COVID-19 epidemics but at huge costs.Public debates question its impact compared to reliance on individual responsibility.We study how rationally chosen self-protective behavior impacts the spread of the epidemics and interacts with policies.We first assess the value of lockdown in terms of mortality compared to a counterfactual

Significant differences in the independent processing of trauma-related visual or olfactory cues have been demonstrated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Yet, it remains unclear if PTSD-related differences exist in how the olfactory and visual systems interact Mouthpiece to process potential threat.The present fMRI study assessed odor-enhance